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The history of Moscow's most famous banya began with the names Sila Sandunov and Yelizaveta Uranova, actors at the court of Empress Catherine II (the Great). After the two were married, the empress presented the couple with diamonds, which Sandunov sold. With the money, he bought a plot of land near the Neglinnaya River in Moscow. Later, he bought land from his neighbors. He knocked down all the buildings on his land to build the banya. The construction was completed in 1808.
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Moscow journalist and writer Vladimir Gilyarovsky said the baths were visited as early as Pushkin's time by all those who gathered at the salon of writer and singer Zinaida Volkonskaya, and the English Club. Gilyarovsky said that those who have never been to the Sandunovsky baths have not truly seen Moscow.
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The baths were opened on Feb. 14, 1896. There were no other systems in Moscow like it; nearly all the latest technical innovations were applied. The new Sandunovsky banya sparked a revolution in public baths.
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The baths' interiors could be compared to those of the best mansions.
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Architects used materials imported from Europe, including Norwegian and Italian marble, tile and floor tiles from England, Germany, and Switzerland.
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The second-floor hall of the men's section is richly decorated. The beautifully designed pillars blend with the paintings on the walls.
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The changing room of the men's section is designed in the Gothic style. It featured a fireplace, but this has not been preserved due to modern fire safety standards.
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During a recent renovation, those doing the reconstruction tried to preserve the woodcarvings and frescoes that adorned the changing room and part of the Turkish Hall, but this proved difficult as over time the moisture from the baths had damaged the wood.
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In 2011, after the renovation was completed, private rooms consisting of a mini-banya with a lounge, a swimming pool, and a steam room were opened. These rooms exhibit different styles. There are halls in the Roman style, along with Soviet-style halls. These are more recent additions.
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The washroom was also preserved. Some details were replaced, but the tiles remained intact. In some places, tiles had broken off or had significantly deteriorated.
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The renovation tried to preserve the original look of the swimming pool in the men's section, which was the largest of its kind at the time of its construction. A statue of Poseidon once again sits on the edge of the swimming pool. During the Soviet era, it was replaced it with figures of young pioneers.
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